{
    "tag": 12157,
    "title": "Central California CoSMoS v3.1 projections of shoreline change due to 21st century sea-level rise",
    "pubdate": "2018",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI:10.5066\/P9NUO62B",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/DataReleases\/ScienceBase\/DR_P9NUO62B\/ShorelineChange_projections_CenCal_CoSMoS_3.1_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This dataset contains projections of shoreline positions and uncertainty bands for future scenarios of sea-level rise. Projections were made using the Coastal Storm Modeling System - Coastal One-line Assimilated Simulation Tool (CoSMoS-COAST), a numerical model forced with global-to-local nested wave models and assimilated with lidar-derived shoreline vectors. Read metadata carefully.  Details: Projections of shoreline position in the Central Coast of California are made for scenarios of 25, 50, 75, 92, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300 and 500 centimeters (cm) of SLR by the year 2100. SLR scenarios for 25, 50 and 75 cm are included in the National Research Council (NRC) excel and KMZ files. Four datasets are available for different management conditions: shorelines are allowed to retreat unimpeded past urban structures (\"NO Hold the Line\") or are limited to this urban boundary (\"Hold the Line\"), and shorelines are allowed to progress with projected increases in sediment (\"Continued Nourishment\") or with no projected increases (\"No Nourishment\"). Projections are made at CoSMoS Monitoring and Observation Points, which represent shore-normal transects spaced 100 m alongshore. The CoSMoS-COAST model solves a coupled set of partial differential equations that resembles conservation of sediment for the series of transects. The model is synthesized from several shoreline models in the scientific literature, which is described in more detail, along with the CoSMoS-Coast methodology, in Vitousek and others 2017. Significant uncertainty is associated with the process noise of the model and unresolved coastal processes. This makes estimation of uncertainty difficult. The uncertainty bands predicted here represent 95 percent confidence bands associated with the modeled shoreline fluctuations. Unresolved processes are not accounted for in the uncertainty bands and could lead to significantly more uncertainty than reported in these predictions.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Vitousek, Sean F.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Barnard, Patrick",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Erikson, Li H.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Foxgrover, Amy C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Limber, Patrick W.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "O'Neill, Andrea C.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "168",
            "name": "climate change",
            "scope": "Long-term alteration in the characteristic weather conditions of a region, such as changes in precipitation and temperature."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1028",
            "name": "sea-level change",
            "scope": "Variation in the relative vertical position of land and ocean waters. Caused globally by changes in the distribution of ice masses and the shape of the oceans, and locally by the rate of uplift or subsidence of the land surface.  Includes both global (eustatic) and local (relative) sea-level variations."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1102",
            "name": "storms",
            "scope": "Atmospheric disturbances with winds of unusual force or direction. Accompanied by rain, snow, hail, or sleet, and often by thunder and lightning."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "004",
            "name": "climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere",
            "scope": "Processes and phenomena of the atmosphere, for example cloud cover, weather, climate, atmospheric conditions, climate change, precipitation"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "014",
            "name": "oceans",
            "scope": "Features and characteristics of salt water bodies (excluding inland waters), for example tides, tidal waves, coastal information, reefs, maritime, outer continental shelf submerged lands, shoreline"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "21",
            "name": "Physical Habitats and Geomorphology",
            "scope": "Includes measures of the geologic and structural characteristics of the coast or sea floor, such as the features defined in the Geoform Component of CMECS. Distributions are detailed topographic and bathymetric maps, geolocated photographs, or sea-floor descriptions; Distributions includes maps that interpret observations to categorize areas on the basis of geoform types such as those in CMECS. Assessment types include evaluations of ecological or human use value and can include models that project environmental or economic effects of erosion, climate change, dredging, and other stressors. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or ecological impacts of physical habitats, including predicted changes due to natural and human forces; they are also from scenario-based models of resource losses, gains, or impacts on ecological or economic values under different management strategies (for example, mining, removal, relocation, or the building of structures)."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "336",
            "name": "coastal erosion",
            "scope": "the erosion of the area adjacent to an ocean, sea, or lake, often resulting in shoreline changes."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "275",
            "name": "sea level change",
            "scope": "changes in sea level controlled by fluctuations in the volume of the polar ice caps; associated issues include the effects on coastlines and shallow benthic habitats."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "28",
            "name": "waves",
            "scope": "used for waves acting as agents of erosion and sediment transport in coastal and nearshore environments."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [],
    "fan": []
}