{
    "tag": 8443,
    "title": "Wetland-Change Data Derived from Landsat Imagery, Assateague Island to Metompkin Island, Maryland and Virginia, 1984 to 2015: Wetland Persistence Analysis",
    "pubdate": "20170828",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "doi:10.5066\/F76T0KHH",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/spcmsc\/wetland_change_persistence_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release includes geospatial datasets that were created for the analysis of Virginia and Maryland Atlantic coastal wetland changes over time. Wetland change was determined by assessing two metrics: wetland persistence and land-cover switching. Because seasonal water levels, beach width, and vegetation differences can affect change analyses, only images acquired during the spring (March, April, and May) were included in the wetland-change metrics (N=10). To assess wetland-area trends, including wetland persistence, the total marsh and mixed vegetation classes land-cover types defined by Bernier and others (2015) were reclassified as 1 (wetland presence) and all other classes were reclassified as 0 (wetland absence). When the baseline data (1985) is subtracted from a later dataset, the outcome results in cells with three possible values: 0, 1, or -1, where -1 is wetland loss, 0 is no change (persistence), and 1 is wetland gain.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Douglas, Steven H.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Bernier, Julie C.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Smith, Kathryn E. L.",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1799",
            "name": "coastal processes",
            "scope": "Processes unique to coastal areas including longshore transport, beach erosion, storm surge, shoreline change, delta formation, barrier island migration, beach stabilization by vegetation"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "464",
            "name": "geology",
            "scope": "Study of the planet earth, its composition, structure, physical and chemical processes, and history since its origin."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "531",
            "name": "hazards",
            "scope": "Potential dangers from both natural processes (e.g., earthquakes, floods, and climate change) and human impacts on the environment."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "628",
            "name": "land use and land cover",
            "scope": "The vegetation, water, natural surface, and cultural features on the land surface."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "765",
            "name": "multispectral imaging",
            "scope": "A method of remote sensing that obtains optical representations in two or more ranges of frequencies or wave lengths."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "981",
            "name": "remote sensing",
            "scope": "Acquiring information about a natural feature or phenomenon, such as the Earth's surface, without actually being in contact with it. USGS remote sensing is usually carried out with airborne or spaceborne sensors or cameras."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1171",
            "name": "time series analysis",
            "scope": "Statistical analysis using frequency distribution in which time is an independent variable. A sequence of observations collected at regular time intervals is studied."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1326",
            "name": "wetland ecosystems",
            "scope": "Ecosystems whose soil is saturated for long periods seasonally or continuously, including marshes, swamps, and ephemeral ponds.  More detailed terms for wetlands can be selected from the FGDC Wetland Classification <http:\/\/fgdc.gov\/standards\/status\/sub3_4.html>."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "007",
            "name": "environment",
            "scope": "Environmental resources, protection and conservation, for example environmental pollution, waste storage and treatment, environmental impact assessment, monitoring environmental risk, nature reserves, landscape, water quality, air quality, environmental modeling"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fUS",
            "name": "United States",
            "scope": "country",
            "pname": "North America"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fUS24",
            "name": "Maryland",
            "scope": "state",
            "pname": "United States"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 1,
            "code": "fUS51",
            "name": "Virginia",
            "scope": "state",
            "pname": "United States"
        }
    ],
    "image": [],
    "fan": [
        "2016-324-DD"
    ]
}