{
    "tag": 19439,
    "title": "Underwater imagery of the substrate and coral reef habitat on the Kona coast of the Island of Hawai\u02bbi, from 2003, 2004, and 2022",
    "pubdate": "20250924",
    "sername": null,
    "series_name": null,
    "issue": "DOI:10.5066\/P13ZPWNS",
    "publish": null,
    "publisher_name": null,
    "onlink": "https:\/\/cmgds.marine.usgs.gov\/catalog\/pcmsc\/DataReleases\/CMGDS_DR_tool\/DR_P13ZPWNS\/KonaHawaiiClassifiedUnderwaterImages_metadata.faq.html",
    "format": null,
    "email": null,
    "descript": "Images of the seafloor off the Kona coast of the Island of Hawai\u02bbi were collected by the United States Geological Survey in 2003, 2004, and 2022, during field activities A803HW, A204HW, A604HW, and 2022-615-FA. The images were collected in cooperation with the National Park Service, primarily in the waters off Kaloko-Honok\u014dhau National Historical Park, Pu\u02bbukohol\u0101 Heiau National Historic Site, and Pu\u02bbuhonua o H\u014dnaunau National Historical Park. The 2003 and 2004 images were acquired using a SeaViewer underwater video camera, either towed behind a research vessel or lowered over the side while drifting. GPS positions from a boat-mounted receiver were encoded into the video. Still frames were extracted from the video and geotagged by writing the geographic positions into each image\u2019s EXIF metadata. The 2022 images were acquired using a Teledyne FLIR camera in an underwater housing. The camera was lowered over the side of the vessel and set to capture one image every two seconds while drifting. GPS positions were recorded using a boat-mounted, differentially processed GPS receiver. The images were geotagged by writing the geographic positions into each image\u2019s EXIF metadata. The time stamps for all images in this data release are in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The images provided in this data release were used to evaluate coral cover and were manually classified by a specialist. Only the images used in this project are included in the release.",
    "lang": null,
    "journal": null,
    "pwid": null,
    "originator": [
        {
            "name": "Logan, Joshua B.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "McPherson, Meredith L.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Alkins, Kristen",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Hatcher, Gerald A.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Gibbs, Ann E.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Storlazzi, Curt D.",
            "role": "Author"
        },
        {
            "name": "Groff, Sarah",
            "role": "Author"
        }
    ],
    "index_term": [
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "575",
            "name": "image collections",
            "scope": "Visible representations of objects or earth properties produced by cameras, spectral instruments, or as graphical representations of measurements."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "706",
            "name": "marine geology",
            "scope": "Branch of geology concerned with the composition, geologic history, and earth processes of the ocean floor and the continental margin."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 2,
            "code": "1025",
            "name": "sea-floor characteristics",
            "scope": "Geomorphic features and geographic, compositional, and textural variation in the materials composing the ocean floor. Includes both large-scale structures (such as seamounts and rises) and fine-scale variations in rocks and deposits on the sea floor."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 15,
            "code": "008",
            "name": "geoscientificInformation",
            "scope": "Information pertaining to earth sciences, for example geophysical features and processes, geology, minerals, sciences dealing with the composition, structure and origin of the earth's rocks, risks of earthquakes, volcanic activity, landslides, gravity information, soils, permafrost, hydrogeology, groundwater, erosion"
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "27",
            "name": "Habitat",
            "scope": "Habitat includes data that describe repeatable combinations of biota and associated chemical, physical, or geological features in a distinct place, which, as in the CMECS Biotic Component, generally are named for the dominant taxa living there. Habitat also includes biotopes in accordance with CMECS. Examples include seagrass beds, deep-water corals, benthos, nekton, plankton, mussel beds. Distributions for Habitat data subject types include records of biotic associations, habitats, or biotopes obtained through direct observation, imagery, collection, or other methods; Distributions also include biotope maps, predicted maps of present-day habitats (for example, the Northwest Atlantic Marine Ecoregional Assessment, Mapping European Seabed Habitats), and other compilations or interpretations from observed data. Assessments include ecological valuation indices, presence, quantity (hectares), or percentage of identified high-value habitats; other purpose-driven, regionally-specific indicators of ecological value; classifications of areas as critical habitat; ecological services models; evaluations of habitat condition; and place-based indices of susceptibility and vulnerability to disturbance. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or impacts; anticipated changes produced by natural and human processes; future projections of cumulative impacts of single or multiple stressors; and scenario-testing habitat loss\/gain models and predictions of related ecological or economic effects under different management strategies."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "21",
            "name": "Physical Habitats and Geomorphology",
            "scope": "Includes measures of the geologic and structural characteristics of the coast or sea floor, such as the features defined in the Geoform Component of CMECS. Distributions are detailed topographic and bathymetric maps, geolocated photographs, or sea-floor descriptions; Distributions includes maps that interpret observations to categorize areas on the basis of geoform types such as those in CMECS. Assessment types include evaluations of ecological or human use value and can include models that project environmental or economic effects of erosion, climate change, dredging, and other stressors. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future distributions, values, or ecological impacts of physical habitats, including predicted changes due to natural and human forces; they are also from scenario-based models of resource losses, gains, or impacts on ecological or economic values under different management strategies (for example, mining, removal, relocation, or the building of structures)."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 23,
            "code": "23",
            "name": "Substrate",
            "scope": "Represents the character and composition of the surface and near surface of the sea floor in subtidal or intertidal areas, as defined in the Substrate Component of CMECS or in similar classification systems. Distributions are records of substrate characteristics based on visual or photographic inspection or on analysis of samples and cores, and they also include interpretive maps classifying areas on the basis of combinations of observations, hydrodynamic models, or geological models. Assessments include evaluations of present ecological or economic values of substrate distributions, drivers of substrate change, and functions of substrates. Predictions are the results of models or projections of future substrate distributions, values, or ecological impacts, including predicted substrate changes due to natural and human forces including erosion, accretion, sea-level change, extraction, trawling, or other factors; and they are the results of scenario-based models of substrate changes on ecological or economic values under different management strategies or other human alterations."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "476",
            "name": "photographic sampling",
            "scope": "photographic documentation of objects or features such as the sea floor, often collected systematically along a trackline to \"ground truth\" co-located data."
        },
        {
            "thcode": 61,
            "code": "220",
            "name": "sediment",
            "scope": "unconsolidated weathering products that have been eroded, transported, and deposited in another location."
        }
    ],
    "place_term": [],
    "image": [],
    "fan": []
}