This data release includes representative cluster profiles (RCPs) from a large (>24,000) selection of coral reef topobathymetric cross-shore profiles (Scott and others, 2020). We used statistics, machine learning, and numerical modelling to develop the set of RCPs, which can be used to accurately represent the shoreline hydrodynamics of a large variety of coral reef-lined coasts around the globe. In two stages, the data were reduced by clustering cross-shore profiles based on morphology and hydrodynamic ...

This portion of the data release presents a bathymetric point cloud from an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, on 24 June 2018. The point cloud has been corrected for the effects of refraction using the techniques described in Dietrich (2017a). The point cloud was created from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected using a UAS with a Ricoh GR II digital camera fitted with a circular polarizing filter. During the survey, a ...

This portion of the data release presents the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of the imagery collected during an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, on 24 June 2018. Twenty temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout the survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of: nine submerged targets consisting of small (80 centimeter X 80 centimeter) ...

This portion of the data release presents raw aerial imagery collected during an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, on 24 June 2018. The imagery was acquired using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The camera was mounted in a nadir orientation using a fixed mount. Before each flight, the camera’s digital ISO, aperture, and shutter speed were adjusted for ambient light ...

This data release includes the XBeach input data files used to evaluate the importance of explicitly modeling sea-swell waves for runup. This was examined using a 2D XBeach short wave-averaged (surfbeat, XB-SB) and a wave-resolving (non-hydrostatic, XB-NH) model of Roi-Namur Island on Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of Marshall Islands. Results show that explicitly modelling the sea-swell component (using XB-NH) provides a better approximation of the observed runup than XB-SB (which only models the time ...

Using global climate model projections of sea-surface temperature at coral reef sites, we modeled the effects of depth and exposure to semidiurnal temperature fluctuations to examine how these effects may alter the projected year of annual severe bleaching for coral reef sites globally. Here we present the first global maps of the effects these processes have on bleaching projections for three IPCC-AR5 emissions scenarios.

This dataset consists of physics-based XBeach Non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic models input files used to study how coral reef restoration affects waves and wave-driven water levels over coral reefs, and the resulting wave-driven runup on the adjacent shoreline. Coral reefs are effective natural coastal flood barriers that protect adjacent communities. Coral degradation compromises the coastal protection value of reefs while also reducing their other ecosystem services, making them a target for restoration. ...

An extensive set of physics-based XBeach Non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic model simulations (with input files here included) were used to evaluate the influence of shore-normal reef channels on flooding along fringing reef-lined coasts, specifically during extreme wave conditions when the risk for coastal flooding and the resulting impact to coastal communities is greatest. These input files accompany the modeling conducted for the following publication: Storlazzi, C.D., Rey, A.E., and van Dongeren, A.R., 2022, ...

A process-based wave-resolving hydrodynamic model (XBeach Non-Hydrostatic, ‘XBNH’) was used to create a large synthetic database for use in a “Bayesian Estimator for Wave Attack in Reef Environments” (BEWARE), relating incident hydrodynamics and coral reef geomorphology to coastal flooding hazards on reef-lined coasts. Building on previous work, BEWARE improves system understanding of reef hydrodynamics by examining the intrinsic reef and extrinsic forcing factors controlling runup and flooding on ...

We developed the HyCReWW metamodel to predict wave run-up under a wide range of coral reef morphometric and offshore forcing characteristics. Due to the complexity and high dimensionality of the problem, we assumed an idealized one-dimensional reef profile, characterized by seven primary parameters. XBeach Non-Hydrostatic was chosen to create the synthetic dataset and Radial Basis Functions implemented in Matlab were chosen for interpolation. Results demonstrate the applicability of the metamodel to obtain ...

This data set consists of physics-based Delft3D-FLOW and SWAN hydrodynamic models input files used to study the wave-induced 3D flow over spur-and-groove (SAG) formations. SAG are a common and impressive characteristic of coral reefs. They are composed of a series of submerged shore-normal coral ridges (spurs) separated by shore-normal patches of sediment (grooves) on the fore reef of coral reef environments. Although their existence and geometrical properties are well documented, the literature concerning ...

This dataset contains the reef profiles and resulting hydrodynamic outputs of the "Broad-range Estimator of Wave Attack in Reef Environments" (BEWARE-2) meta-process modeling system. A process-based, wave-resolving hydrodynamic model (XBeach Non-Hydrostatic+, "XBNH+") was used to create a large synthetic database for use in BEWARE-2, relating incident hydrodynamics and coral reef geomorphology to coastal flooding hazards on reef-lined coasts. Building on previous work, BEWARE-2 improves system understanding ...

This portion of the data release presents a bathymetric digital surface model (DSM) from an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) survey of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii, on 24 June 2018. The DSM has a horizontal resolution of 10 centimeters per pixel and has been corrected for the effects of refraction using the techniques described in Dietrich (2017a). The DSM was created from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected using a UAS with a Ricoh GR II digital camera fitted ...

This portion of the data release presents a high-resolution orthomosaic image of the coral reef off Waiakane, Molokai, Hawaii. The orthomosaic has a resolution of 2.5 centimeters (cm) per pixel and was derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unoccupied aerial system (UAS) on 24 June 2018. The raw imagery used to create the orthomosaic was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The UAS was flown on pre ...

A set of physics-based XBeach Non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic model simulations (with input files here included) were used to evaluate how varying carbonate budgets, and thus coral reef accretion and degradation, affect alongshore variations in wave-driven water levels along the adjacent shoreline of Buck Island Reef National Monument (BUIS) for a number of sea-level rise scenarios, specifically during extreme wave conditions when the risk for coastal flooding and the resulting impact to coastal communities is ...

This dataset consists of physics-based Delft3D model and Delwaq model input files used in modeling sediment deposition and concentrations around the coral reefs of west Maui, Hawaii. The Delft3D models were used to simulate waves and currents under small (SC1) and large (‘SC2’) wave conditions for current stream discharge (‘Alt1’) and stream discharge with watershed restoration (‘Alt3’). Delft3D model results were subsequently used as forcing conditions for Delwaq models to simulate sediment ...

Underwater images totaling 138,733 in number were collected at Eastern Dry Rocks coral reef, near Key West, Florida, in May 2021, using the SQUID5 Structure-from-Motion (SfM) system, a towed-surface vehicle with five downward-looking underwater cameras developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The images are organized in zipped files grouped by survey line. The SQUID-5 records images as TIFF (.tif) format to maintain the highest resolution and bit depth. Each image includes EXIF metadata, containing GNSS ...

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Eastern Dry Rocks coral reef near Key West, Florida, in May 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, RGB colors, Metashape-computed confidence values, and a two-class classification ('unclassified' and 'low noise') derived from the confidence values. LAS (and its compressed form, LAZ) is an open format ...

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Eastern Dry Rocks coral reef near Key West, Florida, in May 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was derived in Metashape (ver. 1.6.5) from the point cloud, but it excludes the 'low noise' class. The DEM covers a rectangular area of seafloor ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Eastern Dry Rocks coral reef near Key West, Florida, in May 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 800x160 meters (0.12 square kilometers) in size, and it was created using image-mosaicking methods and saved as a tiled, 5-mm resolution raster.

This data release contains water level and velocity measurements from wave runup experiments performed in a laboratory flume setting. Wave-driven water level variability (and runup at the shoreline) is a significant cause of coastal flooding induced by storms. Wave runup is challenging to predict, particularly along tropical coral reef-fringed coastlines due to the steep bathymetric profiles and large bottom roughness generated by reef organisms. The 2012 University of Western Australia Fringing Reef ...

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.6.6) from the point cloud and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a rectangular ...

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Summerland Ledge (SL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, and RGB colors derived from the color-corrected imagery. LIDAR Aerial Survey files (LAS) - and its compressed form, LAZ - is an open format ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Summerland Ledge (SL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 450x180 meters (m) (0.081 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-mosaicing methods and saved as a Geographic Tagged Image ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Summerland Ledge (SL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 450x180 meters (m) (0.081 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-averaging methods and saved as a Geographic Tagged Image ...

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Summerland Ledge (SL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.6.6) from the point cloud and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a ...

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge (BPL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, and RGB colors derived from the color-corrected imagery. LIDAR Aerial Survey files (LAS) – and its compressed form, LAZ – is an open format ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge (BPL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 800x160 meters (m) (0.12 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-mosaicking methods and saved as a tiled Geographic Tagged ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge (BPL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 800x160 meters (m) (0.12 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-averaging methods and saved as a tiled Geographic Tagged Image ...

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge (BPL), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.8.5) from the point cloud and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a ...

Underwater images totaling 78,924 in number were collected offshore Fort Hase, Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH) and Coconut Island, Oahu, Hawaii, during May 2023, using the Polecam system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Polecam system is a single downward-looking underwater Teledyne FLIR camera with a Computar V1228-MPY lens and with a rigidly-attached Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna mounted above and forward of the camera's central axis. The Polecam system captured ...

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, and RGB colors derived from the color-corrected imagery. LAS (and its compressed form, LAZ) is an open format developed for the efficient use of point cloud lidar data.

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 650x120 meters (0.078 square kilometers) in size. It was created using image-averaging methods and saved as a tiled GeoTIFF raster at 5-millimeter resolution.

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Big Pine Ledge, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.6.6) from the point cloud, and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 650x120 meters (0 ...

A total of 94,567 underwater images were collected at Looe Key, Florida, in July 2021, using the SQUID5 Structure-from-Motion (SfM) system, a towed-surface vehicle with five downward-looking underwater cameras developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. The images are organized in zipped files grouped by survey line. The SQUID-5 records images in the Tagged Image File Format format to maintain the highest resolution and bit depth. Each image includes Exchangeable Image File (EXIF) metadata, containing Global ...

Schematic atoll models with varying theoretical morphologies were used to evaluate the relative control of individual morphological parameters on alongshore transport gradients. Here we present physics-based numerical SWAN model results of incident wave transformations for a range of atoll and island morphologies and sea-level rise scenarios. Model results are presented in NetCDF format, accompanied by a README text file that lists the parameters used in each model run. These data accompany the following ...

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, and RGB colors derived from the color-corrected imagery. LAS (and its compressed form, LAZ) is an open format developed for the efficient use of point cloud lidar data.

Projected future wave-driven flooding depths on Roi-Namur Island on Kwajalein Atoll in the Republic of the Marshall Islands for a range of climate-change scenarios. This study utilized field data to calibrate oceanographic and hydrogeologic models, which were then used with climate-change and sea-level rise projections to explore the effects of sea-level rise and wave-driven flooding on atoll islands and their freshwater resources. The overall objective of this effort, due to the large uncertainty in ...

Underwater images totaling 23,948 in number were collected offshore of Boca Chica Key, the Florida Keys , during November 2022, using the Polecam system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Polecam system is a single downward-looking underwater Teledyne FLIR camera with a Computar V1228-MPY lens and with a rigidly-attached Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna mounted directly above the camera's central axis. The pole camera was attached to the gunwale of the USGS research vessel ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 720x100 meters (0.072 square kilometers) in size. It was created using image-mosaicking methods and saved as a tiled GeoTIFF raster at 5-millimeter resolution.

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Looe Key, Florida, in July 2021 using the SQUID-5 camera system. The underwater images were processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.6.6) from the point cloud, and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 720x100 meters (0.072 ...

Projected wave climate trends from WAVEWATCH3 model output were used as input for nearshore wave models (for example, SWAN) for the main Hawaiian Islands to derive data and statistical measures (mean and top 5 percent values) of wave height, wave period, and wave direction for the recent past (1996-2005) and future projections (2026-2045 and 2085-2100). Three-hourly global climate model (GCM) wind speed and wind direction output from four different GCMs provided by the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project ...

Passive membrane samplers—semipermeable membrane devices and polar organic chemical integrative samplers—were deployed for 22 continuous days at 7 sites along the West Maui, Hawai'i, coastline in February and March 2017 to assess organic contaminants at shallow coral reef ecosystems from diverse upstream inputs.

A three-dimensional point cloud (LAZ format) was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry techniques. Point cloud data include x,y,z positions, and RGB colors derived from the color-corrected imagery. LIDAR Aerial Survey files (LAS) - and its compressed form, LAZ - is an open format developed for ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 850x160 meters (m) (0.13 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-mosaicking methods and saved as Geographic Tagged Image File Format ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 850x160 meters (m) (0.13 square kilometers [km]) in size. This "quicklook" version of the dataset was created using image-averaging methods and saved as ...

A digital elevation model (DEM) was created from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques into a classified two-class ('unclassified' and 'low noise') 3D point cloud. The DEM was created in Metashape (ver. 1.6.6) from the point cloud and includes points from both classes. The DEM covers a rectangular ...

A seabed orthoimage was developed from underwater images collected at Looe Key (LKR), Florida, in July 2022 using the SfM (Structure-from-Motion) Quantitative Underwater Imaging Device with 5 cameras (SQUID-5) system. The underwater images were processed using SfM photogrammetry techniques. The orthoimage covers a rectangular area of seafloor approximately 850x160 meters (m) (0.13 square kilometers [km]) in size. It was created using image-averaging methods and saved as Geographic Tagged Image File Format ...